The country hundreds of thousands of muslims.



 The country`s pinnacle Muslim leaders have convened to elevate consciousness approximately the affects of the weather disaster and to mobilize aid from the country`s hundreds of thousands of Muslims. 

 The discussion board, known as the Muslim Congress for a Sustainable Indonesia, commenced on Thursday on the Grand Istiqlal Mosque in Central Jakarta, the biggest withinside the country, with a treatise at the leaders` suggestions set to be issued on sunday. 

 The contributors consist of representatives of the Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI), the country`s pinnacle Muslim clerical frame, in addition to from Nadhlatul Ulama (NU) and Muhammadiyah, the nation`s  biggest Muslim businesses. 

 Attendees additionally consist of students from Gadjah Mada University`s branch of politics and governance, in addition to from the Istiqlal Global Fund (IGF) – a philanthropic frame run through the mosque. 

 “The motive of this pastime is to unite Muslims in a not unusualplace discussion board, to are seeking and increase answers to the weather disaster, each in mitigation and adaptation,” stated Muhammad Ali Yusuf, a congress leader, in a press announcement on. 

 While some of Muslim organizations had already set up environmental initiatives, Ali stated, many had didn't attain the broader community. 

 The congress`s treatise is to be examine out on Friday earlier than being ceremonially exceeded to Vice President Ma`ruf Amin, a former MUI leader. 

 Aside from Ma`ruf, Friday`s treatise rite will consist of Religious Affairs Minister Yaqut Cholil Qoumas, NU chairman Yahya Cholil Staquf, Muhammadiyah chairman Haedar Nashir and MUI secretary preferred Amirsyah Tambunan. 

 In past due 2021, the affiliation liable for the congress performed some of research and public opinion polls on weather alternate. The institution additionally held 3 awareness institution discussions in advance this year, which centered at the position of younger human beings in combating weather alternate and on equitable sustainable development, amongst different topics. 

 Religious businesses and figures stay primary to the country`s surroundings conservation and sustainability efforts, due in massive component to the consider lots of the general public locations in those institutions. A 2020 survey through the Communications and Information Ministry, for instance, determined that Indonesian residents positioned the maximum consider in statistics sourced from non secular figures. 

 Last year, the Environment and Forestry Ministry signed a partnership settlement with NU geared closer to cooperation in environmental efforts. 

 In a discussion board held through the NU`s primary board in 2019, the enterprise`s leaders paid unique interest to the country`s single-use plastic bag problem. The enterprise got here to the realization that littering with single-use plastic luggage became haram because it broken the surroundings in each the fast and lengthy term

mode at the place of withdrawal of money



 Two Oudtshoorn siblings resisted temptation and became a blind eye to extra than R10 000 in coins spewing from an Absa ATM of their Klein Karoo city closing week. 

 Instead of pocketing their find, instructors Alysia, 32, and Shane Mowers, 28, known as the police to tell them approximately the coins. 

 The siblings have been on their manner to a neighborhood financial institution in High Street to withdraw cash for his or her mom, whilst Alysia encountered the ATM spewing R50, R100, and R200 notes onto the ground. 

 "My mom requested me to head do a withdrawal for her on the financial institution after which my brother and I drove to the centre in which he waited outdoor for me at the same time as I went internal. It changed into very quiet withinside the centre, and I didn`t see any protection guards, so I attempted to be as brief as possible," she stated. 

 She stated she changed into by myself withinside the centre, and at once idea it changed into a theft long past incorrect due to the fact "how does cash simply come flowing out of the financial institution like that". 

 "I then appeared up above the financial institution teller and noticed CCTV cameras, and I appeared into the digital digicam hoping theres a protection shield on the opposite facet as I indicated to them to appearance whats going on here, and pointed to the cash at the ground. 

 "I then speedy ran out to inform my brother what changed into going on, and he got here returned internal with me to see." 

 Shane envisioned that approximately R10 000 might have been laying outdoor the financial institution, as there has been additionally a big stack of R200 notes withinside the ATMs slot. 

 "My brother changed into as greatly surprised as I changed into whilst we stood withinside the center of the cash, finding out what we want to do as there has been no manner we have been going to take the cash," Alysia stated. 

 "I informed them what changed into going on, they arrived at once and cornered off the scene till the financial institution supervisor arrived," she brought. 

 Alysia stated whilst human beings then began out arriving on the centre to apply the banks and noticed what changed into going on, she informed them the ATMs have been now no longer operating and the police have been on their manner. 

 According to her, one neighborhood informed her, "Just acquire the cash", however she sternly replied, "No, Im now no longer touching the cash; it is incorrect." 

 Alysia stated: "We are nevertheless in shock; it is like some thing out of a movie. My buddies have been all very disenchanted with me for now no longer calling them to inform them what took place, they even stated that the cash changed into really well worth petrol for a whole month." 

 "I paintings with children, and I try and train them to continually do the proper issue in lifestyles and, as a teacher, I have to be disciplined and an instance for them. 

 "The subsequent day once I went to paintings, I informed the children approximately what took place to me, their mouths have been almost putting at the ground with amazement," she stated. 

 When requested what she thinks took place, Alysia stated "the financial institution supervisor defined to me that he thinks the individual that deposited the cash did now no longer wait till the cash changed into successfully deposited into the financial institution. So perhaps that changed into the case on this incident. 

 "That cash couldve been a persons bond payment, or vehicle payment, and I truely wish they accompanied up on their deposit due to the fact lifestyles is already tough and to lose a deposit to that cost may be very heartbreaking." 

 She brought had she been given R10 000 much like that, she could have used the cash to pamper herself, and "genuinely positioned cash towards doing her Honours in coaching subsequent year. 

 Absas local government for bodily channels for the Eastern and Southern Cape, Pholushi Malesa, showed the incident took place. 

 "Absa can verify an incident related to an ATM happened on the Absa Oudtshoorn department at the nighttime of nineteen July 2022. A thorough research has found out that the again coins changed into because of an incomplete transaction, in preference to an infrastructure malfunction. 

 "All the notes again had been recovered and Absa has engaged all of the events involved, which includes the consumer who mentioned the matter. This is an remoted incident, and we continually advocate clients whilst transacting the use of an ATM to continually make sure their transaction is finished absolutely earlier than taking walks away," stated Malesa. 

 Police spokesperson Malcolm Pojie stated no case changed into mentioned to the police.

Crypto on the payment

 


Founded in 1906, the Swiss travel agency Kuoni Business Travel has partnered with BitPay, a cryptocurrency payment service. Thanks to this partnership, Kuoni customers who need to plan a business trip can now use cryptocurrencies to pay for services. The following cryptocurrencies can now be paid via BitPay: Bitcoin, Ethereum, Dogecoin, Shiba Dog, Bitcoin Cash, Litecoin, Wrap Bitcoin. Regarding 

  innovation, the head of the travel agency said that by using cryptocurrencies as a payment method, Kuoni is responding to the growing demand for payments using the latest digital methods. Cryptocurrency payments are becoming more and more popular among merchants The news about the introduction of cryptocurrencies as a means of payment for is not as surprising as the previous. Every day 

  companies are interested and seem to fully understand the competitive advantage of these innovations. In addition to international tour operators and airlines, these two payment systems also serve customers of well-known luxury brands such as Balenciaga, Gucci and TAG Heuer. 

 Surprisingly, companies are not afraid to deal with cryptocurrencies, even though market conditions are deteriorating. An additional 

 dealers to realize  marketing and operational possibilities. Perhaps all integrations and partnerships are approaching the point of becoming obsolete if they don't accept cryptocurrency payments. Fast casual restaurant 

Chipotle 

 posted a photo with a giant Shiba Inu dog on one of the restaurants, clearly referring to the same Dogecoin cryptocurrency. Due to the biggest fans of tooth-shaped coins, this strange image has received a lot of attention on Twitter. As reported by U.Today, Chipotle recently announced that it will offer approximately $ 200,000 in cryptocurrency as part of a new advertising campaign. Dogecoin fans can earn up to $ 3,000 in their favorite cryptocurrencies until Saturday. You'll get $ 11,250

 DOGE on Sunday. 

 Based in Denver, Colorado, 

 began accepting Dogecoin, Shiba Inu and various other cryptocurrencies in June. Last year, Chipotle launched its first cryptocurrency campaign called "Burrito or Bitcoin". Also in November,  another major fast food chain, Burger King, began offering free cryptocurrencies and added Dogecoin to its menu. 

 Other large companies have also tried to take advantage of the dog pandemic that swept the investment industry in 2021. Ax, owned by Unilever,  hosted two Dogecoin gifts. Even high-end brands don't shy away from dog parts. In early May, Gucci began accepting Dogecoin and Shiba Inu along with other major cryptocurrencies. 

Bacterial research from chemicals

 


According to research released on Tuesday (July 26), chemicals leaking from plastic waste cause bacteria to grow more quickly in European lakes. The authors of the study suggested that this finding might offer a natural means of removing plastic pollution from freshwater ecosystems.

Microplastics have been discovered almost everywhere on the planet, from the tops of glaciers to the bottom of the deepest sea trench. However, the effects of plastic pollution on lakes have received less attention than those of ocean pollution.

In water, plastic materials like carrier bags decompose and release simple carbon compounds that are somewhat distinct from those made when organic material like twigs and leaves decompose.

University of Cambridge researchers wanted to know what impact these substances had on the bacterial populations in 29 lakes throughout Scandinavia.

Bacteria degrade the carbon compounds in plastic to use as food for growth.

According to the researchers, enriching waters with specific species of bacteria could be a natural way to remove plastic pollution from the environment.

The effect is dramatic: when plastic pollution increased the overall carbon level in lake water by just 4%, the rate of bacterial growth more than doubled.

The findings suggest that plastic pollution in lakes is 'priming' bacteria for rapid growth, as the bacteria not only break down the plastic but are also better able to break down other natural carbon compounds in the lake.

Lake bacteria were discovered to prefer plastic-derived carbon compounds over natural carbon compounds. The researchers believe this is due to the carbon

Teknologi Canggih

 

Mamfaat adanya teknologi informasi



Teknologi informasi adalah suatu cara bagi pengguna media untuk berkomunikasi dan memberi atau mendapatkan suatu informasi. Dalam bidang pendidikan, dengan teknologi informasi dan komunikasi dapat menyebarluaskan dan mendapatkan ilmu pengetahuan untuk sektor-sektor pendidikan. Contohnya, para siswa dapat terbantu dengan adanya internet dalam mengerjakan tugas sekolah, maupun belajar via internet. Dengan adanya pembelajaran teknologi informasi dan komunikasi di sekolah, siswa dapat belajar dan memanfaatkan TIK dalam kehidupan sehari-hari.

                Manfaat TIK tidak hanya pada bidang pendidikan saja,tetapi juga pada bidang sosial, contohnya seseorang  dapat berkomunikasi dan berinteraksi dengan orang lain melalui jaringan internet. Banyak media sosial yang dapat dimanfaatkan oleh para pengguna TIK untuk bersosialisasi dengan orang lain seperti Yahoo mail, Facebook, Twitter, dan lain-lain.

                Dibalik manfaat TIK dalam kehidupan, TIK juga memiliki damapak baik dan buruknya. Dampak baiknya kita bisa memperoleh informasi secara luas dan dapat berkomunikasi dengan orang lain dari jarak yang jauh. Sedangkan, dampak buruknya tidak ada batasan bagi pengguna TIK sehingga adanya kebebasan yang mengakibatkan penyalahgunaan fasilitasa TIK yaitu internet sebagai sarana untuk kriminalitas atau tindakan asusila.

                Oleh karena itu, sebaiknya kita menggunakan teknologi informasi dan komunikasi dengan sebaik-baiknya dalam hal positif demi kemajuan diri dan pribadi kita. Dan kita selaku pengguna TIK harus dapat menguasai tekonologi yang sedang berlari kencang pada era ini, karena dengan demikian kita pun akan ikut berlari menuju masa depan.

      Apalagi belakangan ini banyak sekolah yang belajar dengan menggunakan metode daring semenjak adanya pandemi dan tentunya sangat berguna media informasi, bagi para pelajar dan khalayak umum karena dengan media informasi lah mereka tetap bisa menjalankan aktivitas sekolah walaupun tidak cukup efektif.

PEMAHAMAN SELF DISCLOSUREUNTUK MENGHINDARI ONLINE DISINHIBITION EFFECTPADA GENERASI Z

 Abstrack

       This research aims to provide 

knowledge about understanding the concept of self disclosure to avoid the phenomenon of online disinhibition on social media, especially in Generation Z. The research method used is qualitative research method that is a library study. This research is focused on Generation Z, a generation born in the range of 1995-2009 in which the internet and social media began to appear and develop.The method of data collection is to find and analyze from various sources of reading and information from research results and factual news such as journals, books, documents of thesis research results, thesis, and dissertations in the form of print and electronic that are considered relevant to the research and studies that are being conducted.The results showed that understanding the concept of self disclosure is necessary in establishing interpersonal communication, especially on social media. So, any information about someone in cyberspace   


ABSTRAK

       Penelitian ini bertujuan memberikan pengetahuan mengenai pemahamankonsepself disclosureuntuk menghindarifenomena disinhibisi online di media sosialkhususnya pada Generasi Z. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian kualitatif yang bersifat studi pustaka.Penelitan ini difokuskan pada Generasi Z yaitu generasi yang lahir pada kisaran tahun 1995-2009 di mana pada tahun tersebut internet dan media sosial mulai muncul dan berkembang.Metode pengumpulan data yang dilakukan adalah dengan mencari dan menganalisisdari berbagai sumber bacaan dan informasi dari hasil penelitian maupun berita faktual seperti jurnal, buku,dokumen hasil penelitian skripsi, tesis,maupun disertasi baikitu yang berupa cetak maupun elektronikyang dianggap relevan dengan penelitian maupun kajian yang sedang dilakukan.Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pemahaman konsep self disclosure(pengungkapan diri) diperlukan dalam menjalin komunikasi interpersonal khususnya di media sosial. Jadi, informasi apapun mengenai seseorang di dunia maya akan sama dengan kondisi asli di dunia nyataagar dapat menghindarkan Generasi Z yaitu generasi yang menduduki urutan ke dua pengguna internet terbanyak di Indonesia (APJI, 2017) yaitu sebanyak 49,52% dari fenomena disinhibisi online dan meminimalisis adanya kejahatan di dunia maya (cybercrime) dengan adanya kontrol dalam melakukanpengungkapan diri di media sosial.

PENDAHULUAN

     Kemajuan teknologi informasi berkembang begitu cepatdan canggih, banyak masalah yang sulit akan mudah terselesaikan dengan memanfaatkan teknologi. Namun banyak juga masalah yang terjadi akibat teknologi, karena ketidakmampuan seseorang menggunakannya atau bahkan karena penyalahgunaan teknlogi demi kepentingan pribadi. Saat ini pengguna internet terus mengalami peningkatan yang cukup signifikan dari tahun ke tahun. Terlebih lagi pada kondisi saat ini yang mengharuskan sebagian besar masyarakat Indonesia untuk melakukan pekerjaan, maupun sekolah dari rumah (work frome home) dengan menggunakan fitur-fitur yang disediakan oleh internet dan teknologi. Hal tersebut sebagaimana disampaikan oleh Sekertaris Jendral Asosiasi Penyelenggara Jasa Internet. Indonesia (APJII), Kasyfi Soemartono  yang menjelaskan hasil survei Pengguna Internet Indonesia pada tahun 2019-2020 berjumlah 73,7 persen naik dari 64,8 persen dari tahun 2018. Menurut Sekertaris Jendral APJII, jika digabungkan dengan angka dari proyeksi Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) maka populasi Indonesia tahun 2019 berjumlah 266.911.900 juta, sehingga  pengguna internet Indonesia  diperkirakan sebanyak 196,7 juta  pengguna. Jumlah tersebut  tidaklah sedikit, artinya sebagian besar masayarkat Indonesia adalah pengguna internet. Banyak hal yang bisa kita lakukan dan kerjakan lewat internet dan teknologi, mulai dari video conference, mengakses informasi dan berita terbaru, audio dan video, Sosial









Media, bimbingan belajar dan lain sebagainya. Kemudahan yang disediakan oleh internet memudahkan kita untuk memperoleh informasi tanpa batas kapan saja dan dimana saja. Selain itu dengan internet kita bisa melakukan komunikasi yang tidak dibatasi oleh ruang dan waktu. Semua orang bisa berkomunikasi dengan orang lain tanpa harus bertemu secara langsung dan bahkan dengan orang yang belum dikenal melalui media sosial.Menurut laporan Statistik, 19Februari 2020 mencatat pengguna media sosial di Indonesia pada tahun 2020 paling banyak yaitu berusia 25-34tahun dengan presentase 35,4 persen, kemudian yang menduduki posisi kedua yaitu usia 18-24 tahun dengan presentase 30,3 persen. Dari rangeusia tersebut kita mengetahuibahwa usia 18- 24 tahun menduduki posisi kedua pengguna media sosoal di Indonesia pada tahun 2020. Dimana usia 18-24 generasi Z, generasi Z adalah kelompok orang yang lahir pada awal tahun 1995 sampai 2009.Grail Research (2011) menyatakan bahwa generasi Z adalah generasi pertama yang mengenal internet. Generasi Z memiliki karakteristik menyukai teknologi, fleksibility, dan menyukai budaya instan serta kurang memiliki kepekaan terhadap esensi privasi karena adanya pengunggahan tentang kehidupan di media sosial. Satu hal yang menjadi ciri khas dan kebiasaan generasi Z adalah selalu membagikan kegiatan sehari-hari mereka di media sosial, baik itu foto, video atau sebatas catatan harian (diary)tentang perasaan mereka saat itu. Menurut Sladek dan Grabinger, 2014 jika mereka (generasi Z) memiliki pengalaman baik atau buruk terhadap sesuatu,generasi initidak akan diam saja, mereka akan mengungkapkannya di media sosial. Maka tidak heran jika postingan mereka di Instagram maupun media sosial lainnya sebagian besar adalahrekam jejak digital dari pengalaman yang mereka alamiatau interpretasi dari perasaanyang mereka miliki saat mengunggahnya di media sosial. Selain untuk mengungkapkan pengalaman yang mereka alami, generasi Z juga menggunakan media sosial untuk melakukan hubungan dan komunikasi dengan teman-teman virtualnya dari berbagai daerah bahkan sampai ke seluruh penjuru dunia. Menurut Survey yang dilakukan Parent Survey (Sladek dan Grabinger, 2014), 34% generasi Z berhubungan dengan berbagai kenalan di kota lain dan 13% di negara yang berbeda. Kegiatan yang mereka lakukan seperti berbagi pesan, kabar, video, foto atau bahkan video call lewat aplikasi-aplikasi yang menyediakan fitur yang telah disebutkan di atas. Contohnya adalah whatsapp, instaagram, facebook, twitter, line, telegram, dan lain sebagainya. Hal tersebut yang kemudian menjadi kekhawatiran bagi berbagai pihak karena generasi Z rentan terhadap kejahatan cyber.Baik itu sebagai korban maupun pelaku kejahatan di media sosial.Hal ini mungkin saja terjadi karena pengguna media sosial bebas memberikan komentar terhadap postinganorangl ain yang ada di media sosial, sepertik omentar buruk maupun komentaryang baik. Seringkalimereka menyalahgunakan media sosial untuk hal –hal yang kurang baik seperti mengejek, menceladengan kata-katay ang kurang sopan,mngkritik dengan cara menghina, body shamming dan lain sebagainya. Penyalahgunaan media sosial untuk tindakan kekerasan ini disebut dengan cyberbullying yang digunakan untuk mengintimidasi seseorang dengan mengirimkan Namun, apa yang diucapkanoleh para pengguna media sosial melalui komentar, tweet, dan juga caption yang dibuat disetiap unggahan,dan lain sebagainyakepada pengguna lain itu,tidak semuamemiliki makna yang buruk dan menjatuhkan atau bahkan mengancam orang lain. BLACK’S LAW DICTIONARY (1999). The reader is reminded, words alone do not constitute a threat. Threates are expressive acts (spoken, written, gestures) of one or more persons that either cause actual harm to another person or, at a minimum, place another, person or persons in imminent fear or harm. Vacca and Bosher (2003) Once again, as in the discussion above, the presence of intent to inflict harm or lose on another, or place another in imminent fear of harm must be emphasized mengingatkan pembaca bahwa, “ katakata saja tidak merupakan ancaman.”Ancaman adalah “tindakan ekspresif (lisan, tertulis, gerakan)dari satu ataulebih orang yang baik menyebabkan kerugian bagi orang lain atau minimal menempatkan seseorang atau lebih takut dalam keadaan yang berbahaya.” Vacca dan Bosher (2003) seperti pada pembahasan di atas, adanya niat untuk menimbulkan kerusakan atau kerugianL ain, atau tempat lain karena takutakan terjadi bahaya harus ditekankan (Ricard S. Vecca, 2005:2). Berikut adalah perilaku yang tergolong dalam tindakan cyberbullying, seperti memberikan informasiburuktentang seseorang kepada publik yang belum tentu kebenaranya, memanggil seseorang dengan nama panggilan orang tuanya,m enirukan gaya orang lain secara berlebihan, selalu mengomentari fisiks eseorang, dan bahkan memberikan peringatan kepada arang lain dengan cara mengancam. Beberapa hal di atas dilakukan melalui aplikasi-aplikasiy ang disediakan internet seperti twitter, youtube, Instagram, facebook,e mail, line, telegram, we chat dan lains ebagainya.Orang yang menjadi pelaku cyberbullyingtersebut seolaholah mengetahui segala hal tentang hiduporang lain (korban, sasaran). Justru dengan keberagaman yang dimilikioleh setiap orang yang ada di media sosial menjadikan kita lebih menghargai kekurangan dan kelebihan orang lain.Kitabisabelajar dari kelebihan dan bakat yang orang lain miliki dan tidak dimiliki oleh kita. Serta berusahamemperbaiki kekurangan yang kita miliki atau bahkan membantu orang lain untuk mengatasi kekuranga yang mereka punya, tanpa harus menjatuhkan satu sama lain, sehingga media sosiala kan jauh memberikan dampak positif terhadap diri kita. Menurut penelitianyangd ilakukan oleh Varjas, Talley, Mayers, Parris, dan Cuts (2010), menemukan bahwa remaja lebih sering melakukan cyberbullying berdasarkan motivasimotivasi internal, diantaranya adalah pengalihan perasaan, pembalasan dendam, membuat perasaan menjadi lebih baik, menghilangkan rasa bosan, perlindungan, iri hati untuk mendapatkan pengakuan, mencoba persona baru, dan anonymityatau rasa malu. Anonymity merupakan bagian dari dimensi disinhibitionatau biasa kita kenal dengan online disinhibition effect, yaitu perbedaan yang mendasar pada diri individu ketika online (di dunia maya) dengan offline (pada kehidupan yang sebenarnya). Teknologi sudah memberikan ruang kebebasant erhadap individu untuk menjadi diri sendiri atau mencoba menjadi identitas dan kepribadian lainyang tidak bisa diperlihatkan dalam keadaan realitas face to face, juga dengan keduae fek positif dan negatifnya (Suler,2004). Online disinhibition effect juga memiliki pengertian yaitu ketidakmampuan individu untukm engendalikan perilaku, pikiran dan perasaan, ketika mereka berinteraksi secara online serta berkomunikasi dengan cara yang tidak mereka lakukan ketika offline (Suler, 2004). Salah satu contohnya adalah ketika kita bertemu dengan teman baru lewat Instagram, kita saling mengkomentari postingan satu sama lain, berbagi pesanm enggunakan berbagai macam pengeksprsian baik itu melalui emotikon, stiker, voice note yang seakan-akan menunjukan kita itu interaktif, namun ketika kita bertemu dengan orang tersebut seketika kita menjadi pendiam dan tidak seaktif seperti yang ada di Instagram.Dalam fenomena tersebut memungkinkanseseorang untuk menipu dan ditipu lewat media sosial demi mendapatkan keuntungan pribadi.Berdasarkan penelitian menemukan bahwa interaksi yang dilakukan oleh masyarakat berjejaring dengan menggunakan teknologi internet berdampak pada munculnya anggota masyarakat yang kurang bertanggung jawab dan mengucilkan diri dari interaksi dengan masyarakat (Levine, 2001 dalam Kollanyi, 2007). Untuk menghindari adanya online disinhibition effect agar apa yang kita lakukan ketika online maupun offline memiliki sinkronisasi (sama) maka perlu adanya pemahaman terhadap bagaimana cara pengungkapan diri atau keterbukaan diri baik itu di media sosial maupun di dunia nyata.Pengumngapan diri akan dapat diterapkan dalam semua kondisi individu apabila individu tersebut memahami konsep apa saja yang harus dimiliki agar memiliki pengungkapan diri yang baik. Pemahaman masuk kedalam ranah kognitif seseorang. Menurut Gunawan, Imam dan Palupi, 2017 yang dikutip dalam NovitasariDewi, 2020 individu tidak akan bisa mengaplikasikan sebuah konsep apabila tidak mengetahui terlebih dahulu maksud dari isinya. Sehingga perlu ada sebuah pemahaman terlebih dahulu ketika seseorangingin melakukan suatu tindakan.Pengungkapan diri biasa dikenal dengansebutanself disclosure. Menurut West dan Turner, 2008 self disclosure adalah pengungkapan informasi tentang diri sendiri kepada orang lain. Jadi apa yang kita unggah di media sosial adalah bentuk interpretasi nyata dari kejadian pengalaman maupun perasaan di dunia nyata.Menurut Wood (2012) self disclosure adalah pengungkapan informasi mengenai dirisendiri yang biasanya tidak diketahui oleh orang lain.Membuka diri cenderung mengundang orang lain untuk membuka diri juga (Wood, 2021).Sehingga jika kita menunjukan dir ikita yang sebenarnya di media sosial tanpa adanya manipulasi makaOrang lain juga akan cenderung melakukan hal yang sama, begitu pulsebaliknya. Berikut adalah 5 aspek self disclosure yang dikemukakan oleh Leung 2002:

1.Countrol of depth, individu mengakui bahwa mereka berbicara cukup panjang tentang diri sendiri, mengungkapkan hal yang intimatau pribadi, dan sepenuhnya mengungkapkan perasaan diri sendiridi media sosial.

2.Accuracy, berkaitan dengan ketulusan, keterbukaan, dan kejujuran tentang perasaan, emosi, dan pengalaman individu ketika menggunakan media sosial.

3.Amount of disclosure,berkaitan dengan seberapa banyak Individu mengungkapkan diri sendiri di media sosial.

4.Valence, berkaitan denga isi dari apa yang diungkapkan individu, dimana hal tersebut bersifat lebih positif dan diinginkan, atau lebih negative dan tidak diinginkan.

5.Intent of disclosure, berkaitan dengan apakahindividu menyadari apa yang mereka ungkapkan di media sosial. Beberapa penelitianyang dilakukan sebelumnya mengenaihubungan antara anonimitas dengan benign online disinhibitioneffect pada generasi Z di Surabaya(Nur Septiani Rokhimasari,2020), online disinhibitioneffectdan perilaku cyberbullying (Aida Zharotunnisa, Udi Rosida. H, 2019) telah memberikan gambaran mengenai fenomena disinhibisi khususnyadikalangan pengguna internet dan media sosialseperti generasi Z. Maka dari itu yang menjadi permasalahan dalam kajian ini adalah untuk mengetahui seberapa besar tingkatan pemahaman self disclosure pada generasi Z yang berkaitan dengan perilaku disinhibisi di media sosial (online disinhibitioneffect).

Disguised as a geeky student turns out !!

                                   So in college.




I was a government major which means I had to write a lot of papers. Now when a normal student writes a paper they might spread the work out a little like this. So you know. You get started maybe a little slowly but you get enough done in the first week that some have your days later on everything gets done things stay civil and I would want to do that like that. That would be the plan. I would I would have it all ready to go. But then than that the people would come along and then I would kind of do this.

And that would happen every single paper.

But then came my 90 page senior thesis paper you're supposed to spend a year on. I knew for a paper like that my normal workflow was not an option. It was way too big a project. So I planned things out and I decided I kind of had to go something like this. This is how the year would go. So it started off light. And I bumped it up in the middle months. And then at the end I would kick it up into high gears a little staircase. How hard could it be just walk up the stairs. No big deal right. But then funniest thing happened those first few months they came and went. And I I couldn't quite do stuff. So we had an awesome new revised plan. And then. But. Then those middle months actually went by. And I didn't really write words. And so we were here. And then two months turned into one month turned into two weeks and one day I woke up. With three days until the deadline. Still not having written a word. And so I did the only thing I could. I wrote 90 pages over 72 hours pulling not one but two all nighters. Humans are not supposed to put two all nighters.

Sprinted across campus dove in slow motion and got it in of the deadline. Now I thought that was the end of everything. But a week later I get a call. It's the school. And they say is this Tim Urban. And I say Yeah. And they say we need to talk about your thesis. And I say Okay. And they say it's the best one we've ever seen.

That did not happen.

It was a very very bad. I just.

Wanted to enjoy that one moment when all of you thought this guy's amazing.

No no. It was very very bad.

Anyway today I'm a writer blogger guy. I write the blog Wait But Why. And a couple of years ago I decided to write about Krastev nation my behaviors are always perplexed the non procrastinators around me and I wanted to explain to the non procrastinators of the world. What goes on in the heads of procrastinators and why we are the where we are now. I had a hypothesis that the brains of procrastinators were actually different than the brains of other people and to testis I found an MRI lab that she'd let me scan both my brain and the brain of a proven non procrastinator and I so I could compare them and I actually brought them here to show you today. And I want you to take a look carefully to see if you can notice the difference and I know that if you're not a trained brain expert it's not that obvious but just take a look. OK so here's the brain of a non procrastinator. Now. Here's my brain. There is a difference. Both brains have a rational decision maker in them but the procrastinators brain also has an Instant Gratification Monkey. Now what does this mean for the procrastinator. Well it means everything's fine until this happens. So the rational decision maker will make the rational decision to do something productive with the monkey doesn't like that plan. So he actually takes the wheel and he says actually let's read the entire Wikipedia page of the Nancy Kerrigan Tonya Harding scandal. I just remember that that happened. Then. Then we're going to go over to the fridge to see if it's anything new in there since ten.

 Minutes ago. After that. We're going to go on a YouTube spiral that starts with videos of Richard Fineman talking about magnets and ends much much later. With us watching interviews with Justin Bieber's mom. Oh that's going to take a while so we're not going to really have room on the schedule for any work today sorry.

Now what is going on here the Instant Gratification Monkey does not seem like a guy you want behind the wheel.

He lives entirely in the present moment. He has no memory of the past. No knowledge of the future and only cares about two things easy and fun. Now in the animal world that works fine if you're a dog and you spend your whole life doing nothing other than easy and fun things. You were a huge success. And. To the monkey. Humans are just another animal species to keep well slept well fed and propagating into the next generation. Which in tribal times might have worked OK. But if you haven't noticed now we're not in tribal times we're in an advanced civilization. And the monkey does not know what that is. Which is why we have another guy in our brain the rational decision maker who gives us the ability to do things no other animal can do. We can visualize the future. We can see the big picture. We can make long term plans and he wants to take all of that into account and he wants to just have us do whatever makes sense to be doing right now. Now sometimes it makes sense to be doing things that are easy and fun like when you're having dinner or going to bed or enjoying well earned leisure time. That's why there's an overlap. Sometimes they agree. But other times it makes much more sense to be doing things that are harder and less pleasant for the sake of the big picture and that's when we have a conflict. And for the procrastinator that conflict tends to end the certain way every time leaving him spending a lot of time in this orange zone and easy.

 place that's entirely out of the Make Sense circle. I call it the dark playground. Now. The dark playground is a place that all of you procrastinators out there know very well. It's where leisure activities happen at times when leisure activities are not supposed to be happening. The fun you have in the dark playground isn't actually fun because it's completely unearned and the air is filled with guilt dread anxiety self-hatred all those good procrastinator feelings. And the question is in this situation with the monkey behind the wheel how does the procrastinator ever get himself over here to this Blue Zone a less pleasant place but were really important things happen. Well.

It turns out that the procrastinator has a guardian angel someone who's always looking down on him and watching over him in his darkest moments someone called the panic monster. Now. The panic monster is dormant most of the time but he suddenly wakes up.

Anytime a deadline gets too close or there's danger of public embarrassment a career disaster or some other scary consequence. And importantly he's the only thing that the monkey is terrified of. Now. He became very relevant in my life pretty recently because people have Ted reached out to me about six months ago and invited me to do a TED talk. Now of course I said yes it's always been a dream of mine to have done a TED talk in the past. But in the middle of all of this excitement the rational decision makers seem to have something else on his mind. He was saying. We're not clear on what we just accepted do we get what's going to be now happening one day in the future we need to sit down and work on this right now and the monkey said. Totally agree but also let's just open Google Earth and let's zoom in to the bottom of India like 200 feet above the ground. We're going to scroll up to two and a half hours to get to the top of the country so we can get a better feel for India.

So that's what we did that day.

As six months turned into four and then two and then one the people of Ted decided to release the speakers and I opened up the website. And there was my face staring right back at me. And guess who woke up. So the panic Monster starts losing his mind and a few seconds later the whole systems and mayhem. And the monkey you remember he's terrified of the panic mounts or boom he's up the tree. And finally finally the rational decision maker can take the wheel and I can start working on the talk. Now the panic monster explains all kinds of pretty insane procrastinated behavior like how someone like me could spend two weeks unable to start the opening sentence of a paper and then miraculously find the unbelievable worth. Work ethic stay up all night and write eight pages and this entire situation with the three characters. This is the procrastinators system. It's not pretty. But in the end it works. And this is what I decided to write about on the blog. Just a couple of years ago now when I did I was amazed by the response literally thousands of e-mails came in from all different kinds of people from all over the world doing all different kinds of things. These are people who were nurses and bankers and painters and engineers and lots and lots of Ph.D. students. And they were all writing saying the same thing. I have this problem too. But what struck me was the contrast between the light tone of the post and the heaviness of these e-mails. These people were writing with intense frustration about what procrastination had done to their.

 about what this monkey had done to them. And I thought about this and I said well the procrastinator system works. What's going on. Why are all these people in such a dark place. Well it turns out that there's two kinds of procrastination. Everything I've talked about today the examples I've given they all have deadlines and there's deadlines. The effects of procrastination are contained to the short term because the panic monster gets involved. But there's a second kind of procrastination that happens in situations when there is no deadline. So if you want to have a career you want to be a self starter something in the arts something entrepreneurial. There's no deadlines on those things first because nothing's happening first. Not until you've gone out and done the hard work to get some momentum to get things going. There's also all kinds of important things outside of your career that don't involve any deadlines like seeing your family or exercising and taking care of your health. Working on your relationship or getting out of a relationship that isn't working. Now if procrastinators only mechanism. Of doing these hard things is the panic Monastir that's a problem because in all of these non deadlines situations the panic monster doesn't show up. Nothing to wake up for. So the effects of procrastination are not contain they just extend outward forever. And it's this long term kind of procrastination that's much less visible and much less talked about than the fun of your short term deadline based kind. It's usually suffer quietly and privately.

And it can be the source of a huge amount of long term unhappiness and regrets.

And I thought that's why these people are emailing and that's why they're in such a bad place. It's not that they're cramming for some project it's that long term procrastination has made them feel like a spectator at times in their own lives. You know the frustration was not that they couldn't achieve their dreams it's that they weren't even able to start chasing them So.

I read these emails and I had a little bit of an epiphany that I don't think non procrastinators exist. That's right. I think all of you are procrastinators. Now you might not all be a mess like some of us. And some of you may have a healthy relationship with deadlines. But remember the monkeys sneakiest trick is when the deadlines aren't there now to show you one last thing. I call this a life calendar. That's one box for every week of a 90 year life. It's not that many boxes especially since we've already used a bunch of those so I think we need to all take a long hard look at that calendar. And we need to think about what we're really procrastinating on because everyone is procrastinating on something in life. We need to stay aware of the instant gratification monkey that's a job for all of us. And because there's not that many boxes on there it's a job that should probably start today. Well maybe not today but. You know.